I think people are confusing the two major definitions/connotations of Viral Marketing. Let me define what I would generalize as the two major but separate terms we think about when people say `Viral Marketing`:
- Traditional Viral Marketing: Some message or offer that is intentionally spread by it`s current consumers to increase the wealth of their friends. This is something as simple as the 500 free Something or SignUp Contest where the person who refers/signs up the most friends wins something big. The success of these `campaigns` are determined by the creativity and execution of the offer/campaign. I recall reading that Myspace was started by the `traditional viral marketing` of a signup contest within the company; and it generated thousands of new users.
- Modern Viral Marketing: Some message or value that is in most cases fabricated for the specific use of subconsciously promoting another business, brand or product. For example, the recent "Bush or Batman" video has been claimed to be viral marketing by some on the internet. While I don`t care about looking into the fact of who intentionally made the video, it still brings value in the form of `entertainment` to over 100k people and subconsciously promotes the Batman movie. This is still viral marketing because it`s being spread intentionally (like a virus), but the basis has changed from direct promotion to indirect promotion of a product or company.
- This is the modern version because it gained popularity through the low cost distribution of the Internet medium. Once YouTube hit it big, anyone could launch a Modern Viral Marketing campaign for free. Therefore, the cost of indirect campaigns decreased to the point which it`s more profitable to focus on alternative value (such as entertainment) than direct value such as Traditional Viral Campaigns such as Free Business Cards.
I hope that clarifies the topic for some people. As for the decision of whether or not either method is appropriate for an individual business, I would argue any attention is good attention; given the probability of `backfire` is constant. However, it is the conscious understanding of what you are developing that affects the probability of backfire.
Layman terms: Don`t attempt to dominate in something (modern viral marketing) if you don`t understand that niche.
This is why you can see larger companies now hiring firms to develop their viral marketing, because if the original company tried it themselves, they would have the higher chance of backfire or downright failure.
WebsitesUnleashed7/29/2008 9:26 PM
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Colin Winter
Small Business Website Management and Marketing